Mary I of England & Mary Stuart

Mary I of England

 1516 ~58

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_I_of_England

 

 

 

메리 1세(Mary I, 1516년 2월 18일 ~ 1558년 11월 17일)는

잉글랜드 왕국 및 아일랜드 왕국의 여왕(재위 1553년 7월 19일 - 1558년 11월 17일)이다.

헨리 8세와 아라곤의 캐서린 사이에서 태어난 딸이며, 본명은 메리 튜더(Mary Tudor)이다.

재위기간 동안 로마 가톨릭 복고정책으로 개신교와 성공회를 탄압하여 ‘블러디 메리(Bloody Mary, 피의 메리)’라는 별명이 붙었다.

엘리자 배스의 이복 언니. 메리 1게는 병사하고  엘리자베스가 왕위에 올랐다.

Mary I (18 February 1516 – 17 November 1558) was the Queen of England and Ireland from July 1553 until her death. Her executions of Protestants led to the posthumous sobriquet "Bloody Mary".

She was the only child of Henry VIII and his first wife Catherine of Aragon who survived to adulthood. Her younger half-brother Edward VI (son of Henry andJane Seymour) succeeded their father in 1547. When Edward became mortally ill in 1553, he attempted to remove Mary from the line of succession because of religious differences. on his death their first cousin once removed, Lady Jane Grey, was initially proclaimed queen. Mary assembled a force inEast Anglia and successfully deposed Jane, who was ultimately beheaded. Mary was—excluding the disputed reigns of Jane and the Empress Matilda—the first queen regnant of England. In 1554, Mary married Philip of Spain, becoming queen consort of Habsburg Spain on his accession in 1556.

As the fourth crowned monarch of the Tudor dynasty, Mary is remembered for her restoration of Roman Catholicism after the short-lived Protestant reign of her half-brother. During her five-year reign, she had over 280 religious dissenters burned at the stake in the Marian persecutions. Her re-establishment of Roman Catholicism was reversed after her death in 1558 by her younger half-sister and successor Elizabeth I, daughter of Henry and Anne Boleyn.

 

Queen of England and Ireland (more...)
Reign	July 1553[1] – 17 November 1558
Coronation	1 October 1553
Predecessor	Jane (disputed) or Edward VI
Successor	Elizabeth I
Co-monarch	Philip
Queen consort of Spain
Tenure	16 January 1556 – 17 November 1558
Born	18 February 1516 Palace of Placentia, Greenwich
Died	17 November 1558 (aged 42) St James's Palace, London
Burial	14 December 1558 Westminster Abbey, London
Spouse	Philip II of Spain
House	House of Tudor
Father	Henry VIII of England
Mother	Catherine of Aragon
Religion	Roman Catholicism
Signature

 

 

 

 

 

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Mary, Queen of Scots 

 1542 ~87

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary,_Queen_of_Scots

 

Mary, Queen of Scots (8 December 1542 – 8 February 1587), also known as Mary Stuart^[3] or Mary I of Scotland, was Queen of Scotland from 14 December 1542 to 24 July 1567 and Queen consort of France from 10 July 1559 to 5 December 1560.

Mary, the only surviving legitimate child of King James V of Scotland, was six days old when her father died and she acceded to the throne. She spent most of her childhood in France while Scotland was ruled by regents, and in 1558, she married the Dauphin of France, Francis. He ascended the French throne as King Francis II in 1559, and Mary briefly became queen consort of France, until his death in December 1560. Widowed, Mary returned to Scotland, arriving in Leith on 19 August 1561. Four years later, she married her first cousin, Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley, but their union was unhappy. In February 1567, his residence was destroyed by an explosion, and Darnley was found murdered in the garden.

James Hepburn, 4th Earl of Bothwell, was generally believed to have orchestrated Darnley's death, but he was acquitted of the charge in April 1567, and the following month he married Mary. Following an uprising against the couple, Mary was imprisoned in Loch Leven Castle. on 24 July 1567, she was forced to abdicate in favour of James, her one-year-old son by Darnley. After an unsuccessful attempt to regain the throne, she fled southwards seeking the protection of her first cousin once removed, Queen Elizabeth I of England. Mary had previously claimed Elizabeth's throne as her own and was considered the legitimate sovereign of England by many English Catholics, including participants in a rebellion known as the Rising of the North. Perceiving her as a threat, Elizabeth had her confined in various castles and manor houses in the interior of England. After eighteen and a half years in custody, Mary was found guilty of plotting to assassinate Elizabeth, and was subsequently executed.

 

Queen of Scots
Reign	14 December 1542 – 24 July 1567
Coronation	9 September 1543
Predecessor	James V
Successor	James VI
Regents	James Hamilton, 2nd Earl of Arran(1542–1554) Mary of Guise (1554–1560)
Queen consort of France
Tenure	10 July 1559 – 5 December 1560
Born	8 December 1542[1] Linlithgow Palace, Linlithgow
Died	8 February 1587 (aged 44)[2] Fotheringhay Castle,Northamptonshire
Burial	Peterborough Cathedral;Westminster Abbey
Spouse	Francis II of France m. 1558; dec. 1560 Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley m. 1565; dec. 1567 James Hepburn, 4th Earl of Bothwell m. 1567; dec. 1578
Issue	James VI and I
House	House of Stuart
Father	James V of Scotland
Mother	Mary of Guise
Religion	Roman Catholic
Signature