★ Hippocratic Oath ★ 히포크라테스 선서

★ Hippocratic Oath

 

The Hippocratic Oath is an oath traditionally taken by doctors swearing to ethically practice medicine.

It is widely believed to have been written by Hippocrates, the father of western medicine, in the 4th century BC, or by one of his students^[1], and is usually included in the Hippocratic Corpus.

 

The phrase "Above all, do no harm" is usually attributed to the oath.

Although mostly of historical and traditional value, the oath is considered a rite of passage for practitioners of medicine,

although nowadays the modernized version of the text varies among the countries.

 

Original

Greek Wikisource has original text related to this article:

Ἱπποκράτειος ὅρκος

Original, translated into English:^[3]

“

I swear by Apollo, the healer, Asclepius, Hygieia, and Panacea, and I take to witness all the gods, all the goddesses, to keep according to my ability and my judgment, the following Oath and agreement: To consider dear to me, as my parents, him who taught me this art; to live in common with him and, if necessary, to share my goods with him; To look upon his children as my own brothers, to teach them this art. I will prescribe regimens for the good of my patients according to my ability and my judgment and never do harm to anyone. I will not give a lethal drug to anyone if I am asked, nor will I advise such a plan; and similarly I will not give a woman a pessary to cause an abortion. But I will preserve the purity of my life and my arts. I will not cut for stone, even for patients in whom the disease is manifest; I will leave this operation to be performed by practitioners, specialists in this art. In every house where I come I will enter only for the good of my patients, keeping myself far from all intentional ill-doing and all seduction and especially from the pleasures of love with women or with men, be they free or slaves. All that may come to my knowledge in the exercise of my profession or in daily commerce with men, which ought not to be spread abroad, I will keep secret and will never reveal. If I keep this oath faithfully, may I enjoy my life and practice my art, respected by all men and in all times; but if I swerve from it or violate it, may the reverse be my lot.

”

 Modern

Modern translation of the English:^[4]

“

I swear by Apollo Physician and Asclepius and Hygieia and Panaceia and all the gods, and goddesses, making them my witnesses, that I will fulfil according to my ability and judgment this oath and this covenant: To hold him who has taught me this art as equal to my parents and to live my life in partnership with him, and if he is in need of money to give him a share of mine, and to regard his offspring as equal to my brothers in male lineage and to teach them this art–if they desire to learn it–without fee and covenant; to give a share of precepts and oral instruction and all the other learning to my sons and to the sons of him who has instructed me and to pupils who have signed the covenant and have taken the oath according to medical law, but to no one else. I will apply dietic measures for the benefit of the sick according to my ability and judgment; I will keep them from harm and injustice. I will neither give a deadly drug to anybody if asked for it, nor will I make a suggestion to this effect. Similarly I will not give to a woman an abortive remedy. In purity and holiness I will guard my life and my art. I will not use the knife, not even on sufferers from stone, but will withdraw in favor of such men as are engaged in this work. Whatever houses I may visit, I will come for the benefit of the sick, remaining free of all intentional injustice, of all mischief and in particular of sexual relations with both female and male persons, be they free or slaves. What I may see or hear in the course of treatment or even outside of the treatment in regard to the life of men, which on no account one must spread abroad, I will keep myself holding such things shameful to be spoken about. If I fulfil this oath and do not violate it, may it be granted to me to enjoy life and art, being honored with fame among all men for all time to come; if I transgress it and swear falsely, may the opposite of all this be my lot.

”

 

A widely used modern version of the traditional oath was penned by Dr. Louis Lasagna, former Principle of the Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences of Tufts University.^[5]

In the 1970s, many American medical schools chose to abandon the Hippocratic Oath as part of graduation ceremonies, usually substituting a version modified to something considered more politically and medically correct, or an alternate pledge like the Oath or Prayer of Maimonides.

The Hippocratic Oath has been updated by the Declaration of Geneva. In the United Kingdom, the General Medical Council provides clear modern guidance in the form of its Duties of a Doctor^[6] and Good Medical Practice^[7] statements.

 

★ 히포크라테스 선서

이제 의업에 종사할 허락을 받음에
나의 생애를 인류 봉사에 바칠 것을 엄숙히 서약하노라.
나의 은사에 대하여 존경과 감사를 드리겠노라.
나의 양심과 품위를 가지고 의술을 베풀겠노라.
나는 환자의 건강과 생명을 첫째로 생각하겠노라.
나는 환자가 나에게 알려준 모든 것에 대하여 비밀을 지키겠노라.
나는 의업의 고귀한 전통과 명예를 유지하겠노라.
나는 동업자를 형제처럼 여기겠노라.
나는 인종, 종교, 국적, 정당관계 도는 사회적 지위 여하를 초월하여 오직 환자에 대한 나의의무를 지키겠노라.
나는 인간의 생명을 그 수태된 때로부터 더 없이 존중하겠노라.
나는 비록 위협을 당할 지라도 나의 지식을 안도에 어긋나게 쓰지 않겠노라.
나는 자유 의사로서 나의 명예를 걸고 위의 서약을 하노라.