Windows Vista startup process
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
- This refers to the boot components for Windows Vista and Windows Server 2008.
The Windows Vista startup process is the process by which Microsoft's Windows Vista operating system initializes.
Contents[show] |
[edit] Quick Overview
Bios > Master Boot Record > Boot Sector > Windows Boot Manager > Read from BCD > Search for hibernation file > Start winload.exe > Start ntoskernl.exe > Start smss.exe > Start winlogon.exe > start services and login interface
[edit] Booting sequence
MBR [master boot record]
하드 디스크의 맨 앞에 기록되어 있는 시스템 기동용 영역. 개인용 컴퓨터(PC)에 전원을 넣으면 먼저 첫 번째 하드 디스크의 MBR에 기록되어 있는 프로그램이 읽힌다. 이렇게 읽힌 MBR의 프로그램은 분할표(partition table)의 정보를 기점으로 기동하는 분할(partition)의 부트 섹터(boot sector:분할의 맨 앞에 있는 OS 기동 프로그램이 기록된 부분)를 읽어 이 섹터의 프로그램에 의해 운영 체계(OS)가 기동된다. 따라서 MBR의 정보가 파괴되면 PC는 기동할 수 없게 된다.
The sequence of booting Windows Vista is slightly different from any previous version of Windows that uses the NT kernel. First, when the computer is switched on, either the BIOS or the EFI is loaded. In the case of a BIOS system, the MBR of the boot disk, which can be a hard drive or external media, is accessed, followed by the boot sector of the drive or of relevant hard disk partition. This boot sector then loads the rest of the boot blocks.
This boot process is common to all operating systems.
For Windows Vista, the boot sector loads the Windows Boot Manager (Filename:Bootmgr.) which accesses the Boot Configuration Data store and uses the information to load the final stage, the Operating System.
[edit] Windows Boot Manager
The Windows Boot Manager reads the Boot Configuration Data and "displays an operating system selection menu",[1] and is thus, in some respects, equivalent to the boot selection menu functionality of NTLDR in prior versions of Windows NT.
To maintain a consistent boot experience, on Extensible Firmware Interface systems, which also have a boot manager of their own, the Windows Boot Manager, and hence all of the installed Windows operating systems that can be booted using it, appear as a single entry on the EFI boot manager menu. (On EFI systems, the Windows Boot Manager is an EFI application stored on the EFI System Partition.) Microsoft only adds multiple entries to the Windows Boot Manager(BCD) menu itself, and sets the timeout of the EFI boot manager to 2 seconds.
[edit] Boot Configuration Data
Boot Configuration Data (BCD) is a firmware-independent database for boot-time configuration data. It replaces the boot.ini that was used by NTLDR, and is used by Microsoft's new Windows Boot Manager.[2]
Boot Configuration Data is stored in a data file (formatted in the same way as a Windows registry hive) that is located either on the EFI System Partition (on machines that use Extensible Firmware Interface firmware) or in \Boot\Bcd on the system volume (on machines that use IBM PC compatible firmware).
Boot Configuration Data may be altered using a command-line tool (bcdedit.exe) or by using Windows Management Instrumentation.
Boot Configuration Data contain the menu entries that are presented by the Windows Boot Manager, just as boot.ini contained the menu entries that were presented by NTLDR. These menu entries can include:
- Options to boot Windows Vista by invoking winload.exe.
- Options to resume Windows Vista from hibernation by invoking winresume.exe.
- Options to boot a prior version of Windows NT by invoking its NTLDR.
- Options to load and to execute a Volume Boot Record.
Boot Configuration Data allows for third party integration so anyone can implement tools like diagnostics or recovery options.
[edit] winload.exe
winload.exe is the operating system boot loader. It is invoked by the Windows Boot Manager in order to load the operating system kernel (ntoskrnl.exe) and (boot-class) device drivers,[1] and is in that respect functionally equivalent to (the operating system loader functionality of) NTLDR in prior versions of Windows NT.
(It is worth noting that the filename winload.exe is also used by a spyware program, PC Tattletale. This program has nothing to do with the Windows Vista startup process or the Microsoft program winload.exe.[3])
[edit] See also
[edit] References
- ^ a b Microsoft. Boot Configuration Data in Windows Vista.
- ^ Microsoft. Boot Configuration Data Reference Documentation. Microsoft Platform SDK.
- ^ PC Tattletale.
[edit] External links
- Jonathan de Boyne Pollard. The Windows NT 6 boot process. Frequently Given Answers.
- EasyBCD is a freeware application used to configure and manage the Vista bootloader & entries as well as configure multi-boot setups for OS X and Linux along with older versions of Windows.
- Vista Process Library
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